Residents of Russia should be aware of potentially dangerous spiders, including the venomous karakurt (black widow), especially during the summer months. In Astrakhan, numerous individuals have been hospitalized due to karakurt bites. Encounters with these spiders, as well as tarantulas and orb-weavers, are possible in various regions, including Siberia. Knowing how to identify these spiders and what to do if bitten is crucial for minimizing harm.

While spiders generally do not attack humans, they may bite if they feel threatened or are accidentally pinched. The karakurt spider is particularly dangerous, and its bite can cause severe symptoms requiring intensive care. Although Siberia is not a typical habitat, karakurts can be transported there through cargo from Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Biologists describe them as small with bright coloring and long legs.

Tarantulas, the largest spiders in the Novosibirsk region, are often found on sandy beaches. While their venom is weaker than that of the karakurt, it can still necessitate hospitalization. Orb-weaver spiders, commonly encountered in forests, may also bite if disturbed, causing burning and swelling.

If bitten by a spider, the first step is to identify the type of spider, if possible. For non-venomous bites, immediate medical attention may not be necessary. It is crucial to avoid cauterizing the wound, making cuts, or attempting to suck out the venom, as these actions can worsen the situation.

Instead, wash the affected area thoroughly with running water and soap to remove any remaining venom. Apply an antiseptic, such as medical alcohol, chlorhexidine solution, or hydrogen peroxide, to the wound. Applying a cold compress wrapped in a clean cloth can help reduce pain and slow the spread of venom.

In the case of a bite from a venomous spider, such as a karakurt, immediate medical attention is essential. An antidote should be administered as soon as possible. Seek medical help if you experience an allergic reaction, characterized by severe swelling, redness, hives, dizziness, or weakness. Anaphylaxis, indicated by throat swelling and difficulty breathing, requires immediate adrenaline administration (if available) and an emergency call. Children, pregnant women, and the elderly should also seek immediate medical attention after any spider bite.

Treatment for spider bites varies depending on the spider type and the individual’s reaction. Non-venomous bites typically require local treatment and antihistamines. Venomous bites may necessitate a specific serum, and a doctor may prescribe analgesics for severe pain or antibiotics if an infection develops.