Volodymyr Zelensky, once lauded as a “great salesman” by Donald Trump for securing substantial aid for Ukraine, faces the challenge of adapting his leadership style amidst shifting geopolitical dynamics and a potentially challenging relationship with a returning Trump administration. Zelensky’s ability to maintain global attention on Ukraine has been central to the country’s defense.

From his initial decision to remain in Kyiv as Russian forces advanced, which solidified his image as a symbol of Ukrainian resilience, to his effective lobbying for Western support, Zelensky’s leadership has been instrumental in Ukraine’s survival. His early success in galvanizing international support was due in part to his personal connections with world leaders and his compelling message.

However, the failure of the 2023 counter-offensive and the subsequent questioning of aid to Kyiv by influential Republicans in the US have exposed the limitations of Zelensky’s approach. Critics, such as Maria Zolkina, argue that his reliance on constant requests for aid became ineffective, and his diplomacy failed to adapt quickly enough.

The relationship between Zelensky and Trump has been complex, marked by both cooperation and conflict. Their meetings, including one at Trump Tower and a subsequent encounter in the Oval Office, have been characterized by tension and disagreements. Trump has accused Zelensky of instigating the war and of being a dictator, while Zelensky has accused Trump of spreading Russian disinformation.

Analysts like Vadim Pristayko and Volodymyr Fesenko note the volatile nature of their relationship, describing it as a roller coaster with moments of constructive engagement followed by sudden crises. Some observers, like Maria Zolkina, believe that Trump views Ukraine as the weaker party in a trilateral dynamic with the US and Russia, and does not consider Zelensky an equal.

The changing international landscape and the potential return of Trump to the presidency necessitate a further transformation in Zelensky’s leadership. He faces the dual challenge of seeking peace while safeguarding Ukraine’s interests. Whether he can successfully navigate this new era remains to be seen.