A trade agreement between the EU and the US has been reached, imposing a 15 percent tariff on European goods entering the United States. While some sectors express relief at avoiding further escalation, concerns remain regarding the impact of the tariffs and the lack of reciprocity.

The agreement, intended to resolve trade tensions that began with Donald Trump’s imposition of import duties, has been met with mixed reactions. VNO-NCW, the employers’ organization, acknowledges that the agreement provides certainty for companies but considers the 15 percent levy “a particularly painful measure.” They emphasize the importance of continued EU-US talks to reduce tariffs and improve trade agreements.

Evofenedex, the logistics and international companies association, describes the compromise as “unsatisfactory,” highlighting that the EU does not apply any levies in return. Policy advisor Casper Roerade notes ongoing uncertainties due to conflicting statements and the absence of a definitive agreement text. While viewing the agreement as the best achievable within the current political climate in Washington, Roerade anticipates the US will continue to utilize levies.

The steel and aluminum industry faces a significant setback with a 50 percent tariff. FME, the industry organization, deems it unacceptable, stating, “This is not a trade agreement between equals, this is giving in to the biggest bully in the schoolyard.”

Uncertainty also looms over the pharmaceutical sector. Conflicting statements from European and American leaders regarding the inclusion of medicines under the 15 percent tariff have increased concerns. The Vereniging Innovatieve Geneesmiddelen emphasizes the need for stability and long-term policy in the sector, stating that import duties should never be levied on medicines.

For Dutch agriculture, the agreement is seen as averting a worse situation. While some products are exempt from levies, others, such as Edam and Gouda cheese, already faced a 15 percent levy. Flowers, potatoes, and vegetables will be subject to a new levy, but LTO expects American customers to continue their purchases.