A significant portion of D66 voters in the recent elections previously supported other parties in the 2023 parliamentary elections, with two-thirds having switched allegiances. According to a survey, approximately 9 percent of D66 voters did not participate in the elections two years prior.

D66 drew a notable number of voters from GroenLinks-PvdA, with a fifth of D66 voters having previously voted for the left-wing merged party. The switch from VVD was almost half as much. Notably, 7 percent of D66 voters previously supported PVV.

Party leader Rob Jetten, who also led D66 in the previous elections, retained a substantial number of voters from 2023. Two-thirds of those who voted for D66 then voted for the party again. The percentage of loyal voters was significantly lower for the VVD and PVV, at 56 and 52 percent respectively. SGP demonstrated the highest voter loyalty, with 89 percent remaining with the party.

Analysis of the five largest parties – D66, PVV, VVD, GroenLinks-PvdA and CDA – reveals that D66 gained ground among female voters, with almost 15 percent of Dutch women choosing the party. Among male voters, D66 trailed behind PVV and VVD.

Voter demographics also differed by education level, with D66 and GroenLinks-PvdA performing best among highly educated people, while PVV garnered more support from low- and medium-educated people. The CDA and VVD showed smaller differences across educational levels.

D66 also attracted voters, especially among people in their thirties and forties. Among those aged 65 and over, the CDA would have been the largest party.

Jetten’s plans for the housing market in the Netherlands influenced voters. Almost 16 percent of D66 voters cited this as the most important factor in their voting choice. The economy was the primary concern for VVD voters, climate change for GroenLinks-PvdA, and values and norms for the CDA. Immigration and asylum were the most important issues for PVV voters.